Named after Carlos K. "Charles" Ponzi, the basis of the scheme is to attract
investors, paying alleged profits to the last investor out of funds from the
next investor.
Funds are never invested at all, profits are never realized
except by the perpetrator.
Usually, enough money is returned to the
original few investors to make them believe that profits are actually being
realized, giving them incentive to tell all their friends about the terrific
investment.